Here are some of the most common ways on how to become an air traffic controller: It’s a completely different matter for those who see themselves working as air traffic controllers. Most careers require those who wish to have them to get their hands on the same college degrees. Those who wish to work as air traffic controllers may also successfully complete a degree program that’s FAA-approved. For instance, they may earn an associate or bachelor’s degree and couple it with undergoing rigorous training. There are various ways for individuals to become air traffic controllers. How Do I Become an Air Traffic Controller? Professional, scientific, and technical services Support activities for air transportation There is no need for them to be necessarily stationed at airports since they are tasked with providing instructions, clearances, and pieces of advice during the en route portions of flights.īefore we proceed to the next topic, let us take a quick look at the breakdown of the 24,500 air traffic controllers employed in 2020 according to employers: WORK ENVIRONMENT However, there are also air traffic controllers who are working far from airports, although it’s not unlikely for them to be situated at airports, too.Įn-route controllers, in particular, are types of air traffic controllers that can work away from airports. In addition, they work in partially dark rooms for them to be able to see the instruments better. Many of those who serve as approach or departure controllers are usually stationed near big airports. Those who do are often seen either in control towers or approach control facilities. It’s true that most air traffic controllers can be found at airports. Refrain from assuming that all air traffic controllers work at airports because this is far from reality. They work in secure buildings, which are not typically situated in airports. Air traffic controllers work in control towers and approach control facilities. Where Do Air Traffic Controllers Usually Work?Ī large majority of air traffic controllers in the US work for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Notify airport response staff members in the event of an aircraft emergency.Accept control of arriving flights from other traffic control centers.Transfer control of departing flights to other traffic control centers.Inform pilots about weather conditions, runway closures and various other critical information.Provide important landing as well as takeoff instructions to pilots.Supervise and control all ground traffic at both runways and taxiways at the airport.Monitor and direct the movement of aircraft not only on the ground but also in the air.However, the following are the things that they typically do: And since there’s an assortment of air traffic controllers, the tasks they carry out can vary. There are different types of air traffic controllers - don’t stop reading now because we will briefly discuss them in a few. It’s because of the demands of their work and the rigorous training beforehand why they are paid a lot. This is especially true since the lives of people, from pilots, passengers to airport employees, are in their hands. It is a must for them to make decisions quickly as they usually manage multiple aircraft at once.Īir traffic controllers have some of the most stressful and challenging jobs on the face of the planet. Besides keeping everyone alive, air traffic controllers must also prevent delays or keep them to a minimum. The primary concern of air traffic controllers is the safety of the aircrew and passengers. Afterward, you will find it so much easier to decide whether or not it’s the right career for you. In this article, we will discuss some of the most important matters you need to know about working as an air traffic controller, from how you can become one, what you will have to do in the workplace, to which promotion opportunities are available. Look no further if you are looking to become an air traffic controller in the future. While there are various routes to become one, air traffic controllers have to undergo lots of training as the safety of the aircrew and passengers is on the line. With the average hourly salary of employees in the transportation industry amounting to $26.95 only, air traffic controllers are paid more than most others.Īir traffic controllers get paid six-figure salaries because the nature of their work is stressful, exhausting, and leaves no room for error. The average salary of air traffic controllers, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), is $130,420 a year.
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In 2009 he was short listed for the Man Booker International Prize honoring a writer’s lifetime achievement in fiction, and in 2012 he won the PEN Saul Bellow Award given to an author whose “scale of achievement over a sustained career places him in the highest rank of American Literature.” In 2013 the American Academy of Arts and Letters awarded him the Gold Medal for Fiction. Among his honors are the National Book Award, three National Book Critics Circle Awards, two PEN Faulkner Awards, The Edith Wharton Citation for Fiction, and the presidentially conferred National Humanities Medal. The Secret Service doesn't take kindly to her approaching him, and they smack her in the chest with the butt of a rifle. With increasing urbanization, industrialization, and mechanization, the turn of the century led many, especially the laborers who were so. His works of fiction include Homer & Langley, The March, Billy Bathgate, Ragtime, The Book of Daniel, City of God, Welcome to Hard Times, Loon Lake, World’s Fair, The Waterworks, and All the Time in the World. Upset that Coalhouse can't get justice and won't marry her until he does, Sarah goes to get help from the Vice President (yup, the Vice President), who just happens to be in town. Morgan discusses the effect of technology on society as well as on the nature of the individual, a theme which manifests itself in many different instances in Ragtime. Three tales are relayed as separate stories initially, then are interwoven gradually. Choose from Same Day Delivery, Drive Up or Order Pickup. ISBN-13: 9780812978186 Summary This classic novel, published in 1975, chronicles the lives of three families in early twentieth-century New York. A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides that feature detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, quotes, and essay topics. In 2009 he was short listed for the Man Booker International Prize honoring a writer’s lifetime achievement in fiction, and in 2012 he won the PEN Saul Bellow Award given to an author whose “scale of achievement over a sustained career places him in the h History based known novels of American writer Edgar Laurence Doctorow. Read reviews and buy Ragtime - by E L Doctorow (Paperback) at Target. Thanks for exploring this SuperSummary Study Guide of Ragtime by E. Ragtime received the first National Book Critics Circle Award for fiction in 1976 as. Among his honors are the National Book Award, three National Book Critics Circle Awards, two PEN Faulkner Awards, The Edith Wharton Citation for Fiction, and the presidentially conferred National Humanities Medal. Doctorow has brought the end of Americas wretched civil war. His works of fiction include Homer & Langley, The March, Billy Bathgate, Ragtime, The Book of Daniel, City of God, Welcome to Hard Times, Loon Lake, World’s Fair, The Waterworks, and All the Time in the World. History based known novels of American writer Edgar Laurence Doctorow. Kids more than any other age group can embrace change and adjust easliy with proper support and perspective. Core memories, as they are called in the movie, are the foundation for which people frame their experiences. Imagine how you’d view life differently if you didn’t have memories that make you who you are. Her emotions (from left to right) Anger (voiced by Lewis Black), Disgust (voiced by Mindy Kaling), Joy (voiced by Amy Poehler), Fear (voiced by Bill Hader) and Sadness (voiced by Phyllis Smith) work together to establish Riley’s personality and memories throughout the film. Memories are central to the development of self. Courtesy Photo Pixar’s Inside Out takes the audience inside the mind of Riley, a young girl.Whereas acknowledging and even embracing sadness allows kids to connect to all their emotions resulting in a connection to others and a return of joy. Expecting children to be happy all the time just makes them want to run away literally. Therefore negative emotions can bring people closer. When Riley lost her hockey game and her team sought her out to comfort her, she associated joy with losing, not sadness and shame, because she had support from loved ones. The movie nicely depicts the self as being comprised of a variety of events, experiences, relationships, and places that are colored by the emotions that are associated with them. The self is made up of several components.What also happens is that the child can feel disapproved of and alone without help of an adult to process difficult and painful feelings. And besides, when parents say "don’t feel such and such," it’s too late anyway because the child already feels that way. Just get over it or pretend it’s not there." Yet that doesn’t make the feelings disappear it only makes them bigger and more problematic. Many times parents tell children, “Don’t feel angry or disappointed or even sad.” By doing this, they are basically saying, "You know that 'down' part of you? It’s not important. That always backfires, because kids need transition time just like adults and parents. Both parents expected her to adjust to school and new sports as if it were just another day in her life. Riley’s parents moved, and although her mother was sensitive at times, how Riley was feeling wasn't a priority and it should have been. In other words, don’t act like Riley’s parents.
Sonic Superstars is also going modern in terms of features. The Speed Jungle boss is a spherical robot that swings around a bar, challenging players to stay out of its path as it comes flying in from the background. Plus, the boss battles also take advantage of the new 3D effects. It has bushes with lizard tails, which players use to shoot themselves upwards. Speed Jungle has vines that Sonic can glide across, like the Disney version of Tarzan, which also has him sliding in and out of the background. Bridge Island Zone, for example, has curved walls along the background, and Sonic can run sideways on them while collecting rings. What the new 3D style adds is some new visual gimmicks. The other Chaos Emerald abilities and how they'll ultimately add to the Sonic formula remain to be seen. For the demo, we earned the power of Water, which allows players to shift into a liquid form and go up waterfalls. When collected, Chaos Emeralds will grant Sonic and his friends a special ability. Speaking of Chaos Emeralds, they'll serve a gameplay purpose in Sonic Superstars. This noticeably feels and plays like a Genesis-era Sonic title, between the breakneck speed that's almost hard to follow at times, the challenging platforming, the crumbling floors, the checkpoint system, the end-of-level boss battles, and the old-school secret areas containing Chaos Emeralds. The visual change in style doesn't overtly affect the formula. It utilizes rendered 3D models for both the characters and the environments. Instead of opting for the retro pixel aesthetic used in the more recent Sonic Mania, Sonic Superstars instead goes in an entirely new direction. Sonic Superstars' most obvious change is its visual style. Shacknews recently had the opportunity to try Sonic Superstars out for the first time. Sega's similar leap forward so far feels just as satisfying. For me, it felt similar to the jump that Nintendo made with Mario back in 2006 with New Super Mario Bros. However, there was a shiny new visual coat of paint and some new ideas made possible by over 30 years of modern gaming advances. This was Sonic the Hedgehog the way everybody remembered it. It was the intro, the colorful worlds, the classic enemies, and the loop-de-loops and bumpers. There was so much about Sonic Superstars that felt familiar. Next, tap Open file and browse for the appropriate MKV file. After installing it, open the HandBrake app and click the Source button on the toolbar.ģ. Visit the HandBrake website and install the app on your Mac.Ģ. For this to work, you should convert the files using third-party apps like Subler, HandBrake, or Permute. Therefore, you have to convert it into a playable format before you use AirPlay. AirPlay MKV Video Format to Apple TVĪpple TV will not support MKV or AVI format. Now, the content will stream on your Android TV. From the list of available devices select your Android TV.ĥ. Go to Control Center and click the Mirroring Screen option.Ĥ. Open the VLC media player on your iPhone and play the content that you want to watch.ģ. Connect your iPhone or iPad and your Android TV to the same Wi-Fi network.Ģ. To AirPlay any content to Android TV, you must enable AirPlay on your Android TV.ġ. How to AirPlay VLC From iPhone to Android TV Now, you can stream the content playing on the VLC player on your TV. This way you can watch your favorite media files on a bigger screen.Ĩ. However, you can use the Screen Mirroring option to AirPlay VLC media player to Apple TV and AirPlay 2 compatible devices. However, this app doesn’t support AirPlay 2. Moreover, VLC can play any video format on your Apple device. This media player is compatible with all Apple devices. If nothing works at all, quit VLC, delete the new files you added and put back the « ac » file in the playlist folder. VLC media player is free to use media player to steam any format of audio and video files. AirPlay VLC to Android TV: Enable AirPlay on Android TV → Connect iOS and Android TV to same WiFi → Open VLC → Play content → Go to Control Center → Click Screen Mirroring → Select Android TV → Start streaming.AirPlay VLC from Mac: Connect Mac and Apple TV to same WiFi → Install VLC on Mac → Click AirPlay on Mac → Select your TV → On VLC, select Audio → Audio Device → AirPlay → Select Video → Fullscreen → Start streaming.AirPlay VLC from iPhone: Connect iOS and Apple TV to same WiFi → Install VLC → Open VLC → Choose content to play → Go to Control Center → Click Screen Mirroring → Select your TV → Start streaming.Note that additional terms apply for trademarks owned by the VideoLAN association. You can modify or redistribute its sources under the conditions of these licenses. VLC for iOS is bi-licensed under the Mozilla Public License Version 2 as well as the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later. A binary version of MobileVLCKit is available through CocoaPods. You can also get the binary from our servers instead of the App Store: You can find the source code for the last release here: VLC for iOS 3.4.7 source code You need help with VLC for iOS? Be sure to check our forum. Previous releases for iOS 6.1, 7.0 and 8.0 are available. Download VLC Media Player Advertisement VLC Media Player Screenshots VLC Media Player Features VLC Media Player is the most popular video players across all the platforms. VLC supports Windows 10/8/7/XP, Mac (32bit/64bit), Android, iOS and more platforms. It runs on any iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch. VLC Media Player is a free, portable audio and video player app. Completely free, libre and open source.Full 64bit support on latest iPhone and latest iPad.CarPlay integration for audio and network streams.On-the-fly audio and subtitles track synchronization.Local Network service discovery with UPnP and native support for Plex.Full support for file servers (SMB / Windows shares, NFS, SFTP and FTP) VLC is a free and open source cross-platform multimedia player and framework that plays most multimedia files as well as DVDs, Audio CDs, VCDs, and various streaming protocols.Integration for bluetooth headsets and AirPlay including spatial audio for AirPods Pro and Max.Web Interface for easy uploads and downloads to/from device.A media library, with WiFi Uploads & Downloads, Dropbox, Google Drive, iCloud Drive, OneDrive & Box.com integration and optional passcode lock.Include video filters, playback speed manipulation, and fine seeking.Support for network streams, including HLS, MMS or RTSP.Play MKV, multiple audio tracks (including 5.1), and subtitles tracks (including SSA!).Play all files, in all formats, including exotic ones, like classic VLC media player. All other NFL-related trademarks are trademarks of the National Football League. NFL and the NFL shield design are registered trademarks of the National Football League.The team names, logos and uniform designs are registered trademarks of the teams indicated. 2022 Miami Dolphins Rosters, Stats, Schedule, Team Draftees, Injury Reports Record: 9-8-0, 2nd in AFC East Division (Schedule and Results) Coach: Mike. NFL footage © NFL Productions LLC.© 2023 NFL Enterprises LLC. Stats Depth Chart Injury Report Coaches Transactions Front Office Tyreek Hill WR 10 Experience: 8 years Height: 5-10 Age: 29 Weight: 191 lbs College: West Alabama 2022 SEASON REC 1 AVG 14.37 TDS 7 Summary Career Logs Splits Situational Recent Games Career Stats WRTE Career Biography Tyreek joined the Dolphins on March, 24, 2022. Favre is the all-time leader in many bad quarterback stats. All other NFL-related trademarks are trademarks of the National Football League. FACT 14 FACT 14 The Buffalo Bills once lost to the Miami Dolphins for. Miami Dolphins records Team records Super Bowls won: 2 out of 5 appearances Most games played: Passing (season) Most pass attempts : Dan Marino (1986). Miami s defense held the Saints to 164 total yards. Ravens score, takeaways: Tua Tagovailoa tosses six TDs. The Miami Dolphins remain in the playoff hunt in the AFC after beating the New Orleans Saints 20-3. NFL and the NFL shield design are registered trademarks of the National Football League.The team names, logos and uniform designs are registered trademarks of the teams indicated. Miami Dolphins 31 vs 34 Buffalo Bills summary: Wild Card stats and highlights Dane Arlauckas dfinesttweets Update: Jan 15th, 2023 17:53 EST Comment The Buffalo Bills survived a first round. 1-1 ML: +148 O/U 43.5 ML: -175 Last Play: 3rd & 1 NFL Draft Coverage Draft Tracker: Pick-by-Pick Mock Drafts Prospect Rankings Dolphins vs. Kicking off their set with one of their newest singles, “AmEN!,” the metalcore band that has continued to reinvent their sound with each new release, brought the fire early on. Before the emo favorites took the stage, Bring Me the Horizon (BMTH) stirred the crowd up and brought the energy. No tents or canopies will be allowed in order to keep the drive aisles clear for traffic flow and emergency vehicles.Pop rock favorite Fall Out Boy melted faces and brought the heat to Bristow, VA on their So Much For (Tour) Dust Tour.ĭespite the sweltering heat of July laying heavy in the air, it wasn’t enough to keep fans away from this highly anticipated concert. They will visible wearing bright green uniforms.īarbeque grills are permitted, please ensure you dispose of the coals in the coal container provided. There are parking lot ambassadors patrolling the lots, they will provide information on show times, doors times, or any other inquiries you may have. Please be aware of your parking location, there will be possible queues in parking rows. If any Premier parking spots are left, you’ll have to pay in cash on entering the lot, when you’ll be directed to a space close to the front gate. If you miss the 10-day deadline, any remaining spaces will be limited and you can’t be assured of availability on arrival. Remember, you’ll need to do this well ahead of time as there’s a 10 day cut-off for hang tags to be dispatched. To be assured of your spot, you can upgrade your ticket for one of the special parking options. There’s a dedicated parking lot for rideshares, or you might opt to use the Uber drop-off/pick-up service. The Jiffy Lube Live parking lots can get very crowded, so it’s advisable to get there early. If you’re coming in an RV or a bus, you should enter by the amphitheater’s Dave Williams Way entrance. Parking Lot E is reserved for Early Parking and is only open for the 2 hours prior to the general parking hours.Īccessible parking is offered near the amphitheater entrance.įor oversized vehicles, if you’re coming in a limo, you should enter by the amphitheater’s Cellar Door Drive entrance. VIP Parking ticket holders will enter the arena from Wellington Road, and follow the signs round to the right on entering the parking lot area. It’s very close to the entrance, and offers an easy-in, easy-out access to the arena. Premier Parking is situated in front of the amphitheater next to the general parking, and is on gravel. Head for the main entrance for standard parking. It’s just south of the junction between Interstate 66 and Lee Highway, which is State Route 29. The amphitheater is on Cellar Door Drive, a turning off of Wellington Road, in Bristow, VA. You’ll see that there are special areas set aside for Jiffy Lube Live Oversize Parking and your group organizer should choose this option when booking. Oversize Parkingĭrivers of RVs, limousines and buses will need to get a Jiffy Lube Live Oversize Parking pass. Early Parking is located separately in Parking Lot E and opens for a period of two hours before standard parking. Early ParkingĬhoose Jiffy Lube Live Early Parking if you want to avoid traffic, and be at the arena early enough to tailgate before your concert. You’ll use a special entrance that gives you a very easy in and out from the venue, and is closer to the stage than the main entrance. VIP Parkingįor the best experience at this venue, you might want to choose Jiffy Lube Live VIP Parking, which is in a paved lot behind the stage. If there’s space available after online sales have concluded, you can also choose Jiffy Lube Live Premier Parking, when you arrive at the amphitheater. You can get this optional upgrade online, and your space will be held until show time, regardless of when you arrive. If you’re coming from some distance, or worried that you might get held up in traffic, you can opt to pay extra for Jiffy Lube Live Premier Parking. Jiffy Lube Live Special Parking Options Premier Parking You’ll have up to 10 days before the event to book parking online, which is when the specially marked hang tags are sent out. However, if you select Jiffy Lube Live parking upgrades like Premier parking, these are separate purchase items and will be delivered separately from your concert tickets. For standard Jiffy Lube Live parking, the charge is included in the cost of your ticket. Jiffy Lube Live parking is divided into several lots adjacent to the arena. We strongly recommend that you arrive as early as possible to ensure a lot for the duration of your stay. Parking fees are included into the cost of your tickets. With only a short walk for patrons to the entrance of the venue. The parking lot can be located adjacent to the the Jiffy Lube Live. For latest parking information, please view Live Nation listing here. Parking information shown here may be subject to change. Nest is in hollow, with a thick layer of small leafy branches lining the hole. Gathers in large, raucous groups with other cockatoos.ģ or 4 but up to 6 ovate eggs, 35.0 x 26.5mm (1.4 x 1 in).Īugust-November in most of range. Will forage for undigested seeds in horse and cattle faeces.įorages up to 15km (9 mi) from nest site non-breeding or post breeding birds may go further. Mainly feeds on seeds, such as oats and grass, and some insect larvae, berries, buds, flowers and Eucalyptus seeds. kuhli: N Australia, from Kimberley division of W Australia east to S Cape York Peninsula and Burdekin River, N Queensland.įound in variety of areas including woodland, savanna, and cultivated areas does not occur in dense forest. albiceps: E Tasmania and east to SE mainland Australia, north to lat 20 S in N Queensland and west to Simpson Desert.Ĭ.r. Sweet, playful, and intelligent, these birds are smaller than many cockatoo species. roseicapilla: W Australia, south of the Great Sandy Desert and east to Harts Range, possibly to Simpson Desert, southern Northern Territory.Ĭ.r. 01 of 10 Bare-Eyed Cockatoo Toby Hudson/Wikimedia Commons The bare-eyed cockatoo might not be the prettiest parrot, but it makes up for it in personality. These birds in turn mate with local birds of different subspecies.Ĭ.r. The sale of easily trapped young birds and their transport to another state for sale is, unfortunately, legal and has led to people letting loose birds thousands of kilometres outside their natural range. Listen NowĪppears to be very little threat this species has benefitted from increases in food generated by agriculture. Variety of calls contact call chet chet every 10 seconds, repeated rapidly when sounding alarm call, loud screeching scree notes accompany lifing of wings and fanning of crest. roseicapilla: As in adult but duller plumage grey wash in crest, crown and breast. 2,200 Goffin Cockatoo Male Young & Friendly. kuhli: Both adults as in albiceps but generally paler in colour shorter crest peaking on forecrown noticeable white bordering on feathers below eye slightly smaller in size.Ĭ.r. Sweet Rose Breasted Cockatoo Babies, Males and Females Available, 3 Months, Fully Weaned, Tamed, Excellent Health and Feathering, Shipping Available. The pink cockatoo is more closely related to Cacatua than is the galah. albiceps: Both adults white forehead, crest and crown, with pink bases to feathers, separate from darker pink area behind neck. The pink cockatoo (Cacatua leadbeateri), also known as Major Mitchells cockatoo or. Eye dark brown in male, red/brown in female.Ĭ.r. roseicapilla: Both adults soft pink forehead, crest and crown, with white wash, blending into darker hindneck deep pink face, neck and underparts grey wings grey undertail coverts pale grey rump. Related publications: Eolophus roseicapilla Woven polyester sailcloth is a very tight weave of small diameter polyester fibers that has been stabilized by the hot-press impregnation of a polyester resin. Hangglider sailcloth is normally made from woven or laminated fiber, such as dacron or mylar, respectively. Since then, the Rogallo wing has been the most used airfoil of hang gliders.Ĭomponents Hang gliding Hang glider sailcloth Dickenson adapted the flexible wing airfoil concept to make another water-ski kite glider for this, the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale vested Dickenson with the Hang Gliding Diploma (2006) for the invention of the "modern" hang glider. In 1963 Mike Burns adapted the flexible wing to build a towable kite-hang glider he called Skiplane. In 1960–1962 Barry Hill Palmer adapted the flexible wing concept to make foot-launched hang gliders with four different control arrangements. The various stiffening formats and the wing's simplicity of design and ease of construction, along with its capability of slow flight and its gentle landing characteristics, did not go unnoticed by hang glider enthusiasts. On 23 November 1948, Francis Rogallo and Gertrude Rogallo applied for a kite patent for a fully flexible kited wing with approved claims for its stiffenings and gliding uses the flexible wing or Rogallo wing, which in 1957 the American space agency NASA began testing in various flexible and semi-rigid configurations in order to use it as a recovery system for the Gemini space capsules. NASA's Paresev glider in flight with tow cable. Volmer Jensen with a biplane hang glider in 1940 called VJ-11 allowed safe three-axis control of a foot-launched hang glider. Several builders would have their first hang glider made by following the plan in his article. Bates proved to be a seminal hang glider article that seemingly affected builders even of contemporary times. In April 1909, a how-to article by Carl S. The biplane hang glider was very widely publicized in public magazines with plans for building such biplane hang gliders were constructed and flown in several nations since Octave Chanute and his tailed biplane hang gliders were demonstrated. In 1910 in Breslau, the triangle control frame with hang glider pilot hung behind the triangle in a hang glider, was evident in a gliding club's activity. Hang gliding saw a stiffened flexible wing hang glider in 1904, when Jan Lavezzari flew a double lateen sail hang glider off Berck Beach, France. His aircraft was controlled by weight shift and is similar to a modern hang glider. His rigorously documented work influenced later designers, making Lilienthal one of the most influential early aviation pioneers. Otto Lilienthal built controllable gliders in the 1890s, with which he could ridge soar. Starting in the 1880s technical and scientific advancements were made that led to the first truly practical gliders, such as those developed in the United States by John Joseph Montgomery. Most early glider designs did not ensure safe flight the problem was that early flight pioneers did not sufficiently understand the underlying principles that made a bird's wing work. In 1853, George Cayley invented a slope-launched, piloted glider. Main article: History of hang gliding Otto Lilienthal in flight Obtaining the safety benefits of being instructed is highly recommended and indeed a mandatory requirement in many countries. The Federation Aeronautique Internationale and national airspace governing organisations control some regulatory aspects of hang gliding. By the 1980s this ratio significantly improved, and since then pilots have been able to soar for hours, gain thousands of feet of altitude in thermal updrafts, perform aerobatics, and glide cross-country for hundreds of kilometers. Typically the pilot is in a harness suspended from the airframe, and controls the aircraft by shifting body weight in opposition to a control frame.Įarly hang gliders had a low lift-to-drag ratio, so pilots were restricted to gliding down small hills. Most modern hang gliders are made of an aluminium alloy or composite frame covered with synthetic sailcloth to form a wing. Hang gliding is an air sport or recreational activity in which a pilot flies a light, non-motorised foot-launched heavier-than-air aircraft called a hang glider. Unpowered glider air sport Hang glider just after launch from Salève, France Those stories, though complex and contradictory, are distinguished by the assured morals that end them. Collodi was a Florentine political journalist and satirist who, in 1875, was invited to translate Perrault’s French fairy tales into Italian. The enduring power of fairy tales lies in the way they can be retold and retailored, their elements forming what Warner calls “an Esperanto of the imagination.” 1 Carlo Collodi’s Pinocchio presents a remarkable example. They hired a little girl as a secret intermediary she asked the woman to tell her tales, and then retold them to the Grimms. For the Grimm brothers, too, their “most inspiring and prolific sources were women”-including an old woman in an almshouse who was famous for her stories but would not speak with the brothers. Hans Christian Andersen said his stories were based on those told to him as a child by the old women in his village. “An old wives’ tale means a piece of nonsense, a tissue of error, an ancient act of deception, of self and others, idle talk.” And yet, she argues, “although male writers and collectors have dominated the production and dissemination of popular wonder tales, they often pass on women’s stories from intimate or domestic milieux.”Ĭharles Perrault, whose Tales of Mother Goose (1697), Warner writes, “inaugurated the fairy tale as a literary form for children,” gathered his material from his grandmother and servants. “It is still, in English, an ambiguous phrase,” she writes. In From the Beast to the Blonde: On Fairy Tales and Their Tellers (1994), Warner tracks the term “old wives’ tale” back as far as Plato’s Gorgias, where it was used to disparage stories told for the purpose of amusing, frightening, or consoling children. A story of female revenge is perhaps most wisely told in the privacy of the nursery. Or consider the harsh destinies of the unkind stepsisters in “Cinderella”: in some versions they cut off their own toes or heels, and pigeons peck out their eyes. Think of a tale like “Beauty and the Beast” being told to a child who may one day find herself married off to a brute. An older woman communicates something to a girl that can be said only in the code of stories. Marina Warner’s scholarship has long demonstrated how fairy tales can transmit female secrets. |
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